[House Hearing, 118 Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]


                               MEMBER DAY

=======================================================================

                                HEARING

                               BEFORE THE

                       COMMITTEE ON THE JUDICIARY

                     U.S. HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES

                    ONE HUNDRED EIGHTEENTH CONGRESS

                             FIRST SESSION
                               __________

                        FRIDAY, NOVEMBER 3, 2023
                               __________

                           Serial No. 118-50
                               __________

         Printed for the use of the Committee on the Judiciary
         
         
                  [GRAPHIC NOT AVAILABLE IN TIFF FORMAT]         


               Available via: http://judiciary.house.gov

                               __________

                    U.S. GOVERNMENT PUBLISHING OFFICE
                    
54-119                     WASHINGTON : 2023  



                       COMMITTEE ON THE JUDICIARY

                        JIM JORDAN, Ohio, Chair

DARRELL ISSA, California             JERROLD NADLER, New York, Ranking 
KEN BUCK, Colorado                       Member
MATT GAETZ, Florida                  ZOE LOFGREN, California
ANDY BIGGS, Arizona                  SHEILA JACKSON LEE, Texas
TOM McCLINTOCK, California           STEVE COHEN, Tennessee
TOM TIFFANY, Wisconsin               HENRY C. ``HANK'' JOHNSON, Jr., 
THOMAS MASSIE, Kentucky                  Georgia
CHIP ROY, Texas                      ADAM SCHIFF, California
DAN BISHOP, North Carolina           ERIC SWALWELL, California
VICTORIA SPARTZ, Indiana             TED LIEU, California
SCOTT FITZGERALD, Wisconsin          PRAMILA JAYAPAL, Washington
CLIFF BENTZ, Oregon                  J. LUIS CORREA, California
BEN CLINE, Virginia                  MARY GAY SCANLON, Pennsylvania
LANCE GOODEN, Texas                  JOE NEGUSE, Colorado
JEFF VAN DREW, New Jersey            LUCY McBATH, Georgia
TROY NEHLS, Texas                    MADELEINE DEAN, Pennsylvania
BARRY MOORE, Alabama                 VERONICA ESCOBAR, Texas
KEVIN KILEY, California              DEBORAH ROSS, North Carolina
HARRIET HAGEMAN, Wyoming             CORI BUSH, Missouri
NATHANIEL MORAN, Texas               GLENN IVEY, Maryland
LAUREL LEE, Florida                  BECCA BALINT, Vermont
WESLEY HUNT, Texas
RUSSELL FRY, South Carolina
Vacant

               CHRISTOPHER HIXON, Majority Staff Director
          AMY RUTKIN, Minority Staff Director & Chief of Staff
                                 ------                                
                            C O N T E N T S

                              ----------                              

                        Friday, November 3, 2023

                                                                   Page

                           OPENING STATEMENTS

The Honorable Jim Jordan, Chair of the Committee on the Judiciary 
  from the State of Ohio.........................................     1
The Honorable Jerrold Nadler, Ranking Member of the Committee on 
  the Judiciary from the State of New York.......................     1

                               WITNESSES

The Hon. Ann Wagner, Member of Congress, Missouri
  Oral Testimony.................................................     2
  Prepared Testimony.............................................     4
The Hon. Greg Stanton, Member of Congress, Arizona
  Oral Testimony.................................................     6
  Prepared Testimony.............................................     8
The Hon. Glenn Grothman, Member of Congress, Wisconsin
  Oral Testimony.................................................    11
The Hon. Mike Kelly, Member of Congress, Pennsylvania
  Oral Testimony.................................................    12
The Hon. Young Kim, Member of Congress, California
  Oral Testimony.................................................    14
  Prepared Testimony.............................................    16
The Hon. Marjorie Taylor Greene, Member of Congress, Georgia
  Oral Testimony.................................................    19
The Hon. Juan Ciscomani, Member of Congress, Arizona
  Oral Testimony.................................................    20
  Prepared Testimony.............................................    22
The Hon. Sylvia R. Garcia, Member of Congress, Texas
  Oral Testimony.................................................    24
The Hon. Kathy E. Manning, Member of Congress, North Carolina
  Oral Testimony.................................................    25
  Prepared Testimony.............................................    28
The Hon. Dusty Johnson, Member of Congress, South Dakota
  Oral Testimony.................................................    32
  Prepared Testimony.............................................    34

          LETTERS, STATEMENTS, ETC. SUBMITTED FOR THE HEARING

All materials submitted for the record by the Committee on the 
  Judiciary are listed below.....................................    36

Materials submitted by the Honorable Marjorie Taylor Greene from 
  the State of Georgia, for the record
    A graph entitled, ``Diagnoses of youths with gender dysphoria 
        surge,'' Komodo Health Inc.
    An article entitled, ``Majority of Americans oppose gender-
        affirming care for minors, trans women participating in 
        sports: poll,'' May 6, 2023, The Hill
    An article entitled, ``Minnesota to join at least 4 other 
        states in protecting transgender care this year,'' Apr. 
        21, 2023, NPR
    An article entitled, ``Putting numbers on the rise in 
        children seeking gender care,'' Oct. 6, 2022, Reuters
    An article entitled, ``California passes bill punishing 
        parents who don't `affirm' trans kids in custody battles: 
        `Utter madness!,' '' Sept. 8, 2023, Fox News
    An article entitled, ``Blue States Double Down on Child 
        Transition,'' Jun. 29, 2023, National Review

                                APPENDIX

Statement from the Honorable Jodey Arrington from the State of 
  Texas, for the record
Statement from the Honorable Larry Bucshon from the State of 
  Indiana, for the record
Statement from the Honorable Mike Carey from the State of Ohio, 
  for the record
Statement from the Honorable Randy Feenstra from the State of 
  Iowa, for the record
Statement from the Honorable Glenn William ``GT'' Thompson, Jr., 
  from the State of Pennsylvania, for the record
Materials submitted by the Honorable Jeff Van Drew, of the 
  Committee on the Judiciary from the State of New Jersey, for 
  the record
    Statement re the Ensuring Justice for Victims of Terrorism 
        ACT (EJVTA)
    Statement re the Meaningful Access to Court Proceedings for 
        Victims of Pan Am Flight 103 Act
Statement from the Honorable Amata Coleman Radewagen from 
  American Samoa, for the record
Statement from the Honorable Greg Landsman from the State of 
  Ohio, for the record
Statement from the Honorable Mark Allan Takano from the State of 
  California, for the record

 
                               MEMBER DAY

                              ----------                              


                        Friday, November 3, 2023

                        House of Representatives

                       Committee on the Judiciary

                             Washington, DC

    The Committee met, pursuant to notice, at 9 a.m., in Room 
2141, Rayburn House Office Building, the Hon. Jim Jordan [Chair 
of the Committee] presiding.
    Members present: Representatives Jordan, Tiffany, Bishop, 
Lee, Nadler, and Ivey.
    Also present: Representatives Wagner, Stanton, Grothman, 
Kelly, Kim, Greene, Ciscomani, Garcia, Manning, and Johnson of 
South Dakota.
    Chair Jordan. The Committee will come to order, and without 
objection, the Chair is authorized to declare a recess at any 
time. We welcome everyone to today's Member Day hearing.
    The Chair would ask the gentleman from Arizona, Mr. 
Stanton, if he would be willing to lead us in the Pledge of 
Allegiance.
    All. I pledge allegiance to the Flag of the United States 
of America, and to the Republic for which it stands, one 
Nation, under God, indivisible, with liberty and justice for 
all.
    Chair Jordan. The Member Day is an opportunity to hear from 
our colleagues who have bills within the jurisdiction of our 
Committee. The Judiciary Committee has a number of very 
important topics in our jurisdiction: Constitution, civil 
rights, civil liberties, immigration, crime, and the 
functioning of our court system. These affect Americans' lives 
every single day.
    We have several of our colleagues here this morning 
testifying before our Committee, and I look forward to hearing 
what they have to say.
    The Chair now recognizes the Ranking Member, Mr. Nadler, 
for any opening statement that he may.
    Mr. Nadler. Thank you, Mr. Chair, for calling today's 
Member Day hearing. Today's hearing gives us the opportunity to 
hear the views of our colleagues on both sides of the aisle 
about their legislative interests and priorities on matters 
within our jurisdiction.
    The Judiciary Committee is responsible for a broad array of 
issues, including the Federal judiciary, criminal justice, 
administrative procedure, bankruptcy, civil rights and civil 
liberties, constitutional amendments, immigration, intellectual 
property, antitrust, and much more.
    It is no secret that Democrats in this Committee 
historically different priorities than the Republican majority, 
whether it be protecting voting rights, enacting gun safety 
legislation, expanding civil rights protections for LGBTQ 
Americans and other margin-alized communities, and working 
toward comprehensive reform of our broken immigration system, 
among many other important priorities.
    We also have areas of bipartisan interest, most notably 
enacted needed reforms to the FISA program, and I look forward 
to continuing this important work together. I am interested to 
hear from our colleagues today about matters of interest to 
them so that their views can inform the work of this Committee.
    The House is fortunate to have a broad and diverse array of 
views among its Members, and I know that this Committee's work 
will be strengthened by hearing from our colleagues. Thank you 
again, Mr. Chair, and I yield back the balance of my time.
    Chair Jordan. Without objection, all the opening statements 
will be included in the record. I would remind our colleagues 
testifying today that your written statements will be included 
in the record in their entirety, and we ask that you summarize 
our testimony in five minutes.
    Our first witness is the gentlelady, seeing that she is at 
the table with her name right there, the gentlelady from the 
State of Missouri, Ms. Wagner. You are recognized for five 
minutes.

                STATEMENT OF THE HON. ANN WAGNER

    Ms. Wagner. Hi and thank you Mr. Chair, and Ranking Member 
Nadler, for holding this Member Day hearing.
    One of my top priorities, and I believe is a top priority 
for all of us here is to protect our children in our 
communities from exploitation. Tragically, our government is 
failing in this missing.
    The sexual exploitation of children has skyrocketed across 
the United States, and it is long past time for Congress to 
take substantive action to combat this horrific crime.
    The National Center for Missing and Exploited Children, or 
NCMEC, is the Congressionally mandated nonprofit organization 
that operates the cyber tip line, where online platforms are 
legally required to report child sexual abuse material found on 
their websites. Child sexual abuse material, or CSAM, is 
commonly known as child pornography.
    These are illegal, and let me underscore illegal, images 
and videos of children, more often than not prepubescent 
children, being raped and sexually abused. In 2019, these are 
important statistics, the NCMEC cyber tip line received 17 
million reports of online CSAM.
    Last year, cyber tip line received over 32 million reports. 
That is an 89 percent increase in just three years, Mr. Chair, 
equal to approximately 87,600 reports of child rape videos per 
day. That is absolutely unconscionable.
    Making this problem even worse is the fact that under 
current law, there are no requirements regarding what must be 
included in these cyber tip line reports. Because of this legal 
gap, online platforms do not consistently include substantive 
and actionable information in their reports. This often leaves 
NCMEC and law enforcement unable to locate and rescue the 
children depicted in the images and videos.
    In 2022, over 50 percent of the 32 million reports 
submitted to NCMEC could not be investigated by law enforcement 
because they included too little information. That is 16 
million reports of child sexual abuse rendered completely 
useless. Congress must fix this, and they can.
    My bill, H.R. 5182, the Child Online Safety Modernization 
Act, or COSMA, directly addresses this issue. COSMA would 
modernize and enhance the NCMEC cyber tip line by requiring 
reports from online platforms to include information that 
actually helps law enforcement identify and locate the children 
depicted in CSAM, as well as the individuals involved in 
posting this illegal, again, illegal imagery.
    This includes very basic information, we have spoken about 
this, Mr. Chair, about the reports, so I want to be specific. 
Basic information, such as an email address, IP address, or 
just a URL where the CSAM was posted. Additionally, the bill 
would extend the legally required preservation of these reports 
from 90 days to one year.
    With over 32 million reports just last year, law 
enforcement needs this additional time to properly and 
comprehensively investigate these cases.
    Last, this bill replaces the term ``child pornography'' 
with ``child sexual abuse material'' throughout all of U.S. 
Code. Child pornography is an inaccurate and misleading term to 
describe an image of video of children being raped and sexually 
abused.
    The children in these videos have no consent and no control 
over their exploitation, and our Federal laws should accurately 
reflect this abuse. Thus, the change to CSAM versus child porn.
    This legislation has been endorsed, I want all of you to 
know, by a broad coalition of organizations, including the 
National Fraternal Order of Police, the National District 
Attorneys Association, the National Children's Alliance, the 
Rape, Abuse & Incest National Network, the National Center on 
Sexual Exploitation, Raven, and many more.
    I am also proud to have the support of multiple Members of 
this Committee on both sides of the aisle. We have a real 
opportunity to make fundamental progress in this fight, and I 
ask that this Committee favorably report out H.R. 5182 as soon 
as possible so we can give law enforcement the tools it needs 
to rescue children across the United States.
    I thank all of you for your time this morning, and Mr. 
Chair, I yield back.
    [The prepared statement of the Hon. Ann Wagner follows:]

[GRAPHIC(S) NOT AVAILABLE IN TIFF FORMAT]
    
    Chair Jordan. I thank the gentlelady for her testimony and 
for her important work in this area to protect kids. Thank you 
very much.
    Our next witness is the--I think we will go Democrat and 
then we will come right back. So, our next witness will be the 
gentleman from Arizona, Mr. Stanton.

               STATEMENT OF THE HON. GREG STANTON

    Mr. Stanton. Chair Jordan, Ranking Member Nadler, Members 
of the Committee, thank you for the opportunity to testify 
today about issues in your jurisdiction that are of great 
importance to my home State of Arizona. I was fortunate to 
serve on this Committee in my first two terms in Congress. Boy, 
do I miss those 4 a.m. markups in this Committee.
    One of my top priorities then, as it is now, is reforming 
our broken immigration system. Congress has an urgent duty to 
ensure an orderly, humane, and secure Southern border and to 
protect Americans from illicit fentanyl and other deadly drugs 
that come through our ports of entry.
    There are bipartisan, commonsense solutions we can employ. 
We need to deliver more resources to local governments and 
communities, including replenishing the depleted shelter and 
services program. We need increased funding to recruit and 
retain qualified personnel and improve technology and 
infrastructure at ports of entry along the Southern border.
    At the same time America is facing a border crisis, we are 
also facing a workforce crisis. To stay economically 
competitive, it is time to create new legal pathways and 
additional visa categories to support industries facing 
historic labor shortages and increase the number of available 
visas in critical industries like the H1Bs.
    I also support expanding refugee pathways and in-country 
processing so that migrants are not forced to make the 
dangerous journey to the United States border.
    Finally, we have an urgent obligation to provide safety and 
security to our Dreamers by passing the American Dream and 
Promise Act. They have been left in legal limbo for far too 
long. I stand ready to work with this Committee to finally 
advance bipartisan, commonsense border and immigration policy.
    Another one of my top priorities before this Committee is 
to finally bring justice to America's downwinders. My bill, 
H.R. 4754, The Downwinders Parity Act, would extend the 
Radiation Exposure Compensation Act to communities in Northern 
Arizona and Southern Nevada who were exposed to cancer-causing 
radiation from atomic weapons testing.
    I was proud that in 2021, at my urging, Congressman Nadler 
led this Committee to hold the first hearing on downwinders in 
two decades. It was an important first step, but it is long 
past time for the Federal Government to take responsibility for 
its actions.
    I have introduced another bill that falls under this 
Committee's jurisdiction, H.R. 3269, the Law Enforcement 
Innovate to De-Escalate Act, to make a technical fix needed to 
allow law enforcement to procure and use more effective and 
efficient less-than-lethal devices. Minimizing gun deaths in 
interactions between police officers and civilians is truly a 
bipartisan objective.
    Unfortunately, the development of less-than-lethal weapons 
has been stymied by antiquated definitions in a more than 50-
year-old law, the Gun Control Act of 1968. This means less-
than-lethal weapons could be misclassified as a deadly force, 
which may prohibit law enforcement agencies from adopting more 
innovative less-than-lethal tools to help make encounters safer 
for officers and community members alike.
    I hope I can count on the support of this Committee to 
develop a 21st century policy that makes all our communities 
safer.
    We also need to pass the Afghan Adjustment Act. We owe an 
enormous debt of gratitude to the Afghan people for the ways 
they supported U.S. forces for almost 20 years, often at great 
personal risk.
    In the weeks before Kabul fell, my team and I worked to 
help a few of these allies, women who served in the Afghan 
national army's female tactical platoon. Their work to support 
our mission and their gender makes them and their families a 
top target for the Taliban. Yet, after 2\1/2\ years, many of 
these brave women still await asylum.
    This Committee should quickly take up the Afghan Adjustment 
Act to give these FTPs and other allies' certainty and 
stability.
    To close, I want to highlight a particularly painful issue 
facing my State of Arizona: Missing and murdered indigenous 
people. It is a national shame that such violence has 
perpetuated against Native American communities.
    In 2020, Congress passed the Savanna's Act and the Not 
Invisible Act, instructing the Administrative Branch to take 
desperately needed actions to improve coordination and 
communication about missing and murdered indigenous people.
    I urge this Committee to conduct oversight over the 
administration and the previous one's implementation of these 
landmark laws and consider what more needs to be done to end 
this silent crisis.
    Thank you, Mr. Chair, for this important opportunity to 
address the community.
    [The prepared statement of the Hon. Greg Stanton follows:]

[GRAPHIC(S) NOT AVAILABLE IN TIFF FORMAT]
    
    Chair Jordan. Thank you. Mr. Stanton, you are definitely 
efficient. Four bills and an oversight request, we appreciate 
that. Your less-than-lethal legislation is something that we 
are seriously looking at. It makes sense, so we appreciate 
that. Thank you.
    Next is the gentleman from Wisconsin, Mr. Grothman.

              STATEMENT OF THE HON. GLENN GROTHMAN

    Mr. Grothman. Oh, thank you. We just have one bill for you 
today. As you know, I am a Member of the Oversight Committee, 
and on there we deal with migrant issues. This will wind up 
coming under the purview of the Judiciary Committee.
    I am urging the Committee to take up H.R. 4869, the Migrant 
Child Safety Act. The United States is currently in the midst 
of the worst crisis of unaccompanied alien children in our 
Nation's history. As I am sure you know, Mr. Chair, about every 
month, eight or nine thousand unaccompanied minors are coming 
into this country.
    In 2022, there were a total of 152,000 unaccompanied alien 
children encountered, the most ever in a single year. We are 
going at about a rate of five times coming in now, with coming 
in under the Trump Administration.
    The Migrant Child Safety Act would implement a number of 
changes. We had hearings in which I was kind of shocked at what 
the Office of Refugee Resettlement was doing and not doing. In 
any event, we want them to now get background check 
requirements for the sponsors, which they have suspended; 
reporting requirements for children who go missing; and 
information-sharing with State and local agencies.
    The Office of Refugee Resettlement is required by law to 
promptly place unaccompanied alien children referred to its 
custody by the Department of Homeland Security with sponsors 
deemed capable of providing the child's physical and mental 
well-being. However, reports indicate that the Office of 
Refugee Resettlement has prioritized expedient release of 
unaccompanied children, to the detriment of their safety.
    Obviously, it would be easier to handle the whole thing if 
they weren't letting so many people in here. The Department of 
Health and Human Services Secretary Xavier Becerra personally 
pushed for faster processing and discharging of unaccompanied 
minors to the detriment of the children's safety on multiple 
occasions, pressuring the staff at ORR to treat unaccompanied 
minors--or unaccompanied processing like a factory. He was 
quoted as saying,

        If Henry Ford had seen this in his factories, in his plants, he 
        would never have become famous and rich. This is not the way 
        you do an assembly line.

    You could imagine if they would treat native-born Americans 
here, they would never get away with it. These reports also 
cite evidence that as many as \2/3\ of the unaccompanied 
children have been exploited by sponsors and forced to work 
illegal full-time jobs in hazardous conditions to pay off 
smuggling debts to cartels.
    Caseworkers within the ORR claim that HHS regularly ignored 
obvious signs of labor exploitation, such as single sponsors 
sponsoring multiple children, hotspots in the country where the 
vast majority of unaccompanied children's sponsors are not the 
child's parents, UACs with significant debts, and direct 
reports of trafficking.
    In total, reports show that ORR has lost more than 85,000 
migrant children in the past two years alone. I know that the 
Biden Administration would claim it is a lower number than 
that, but I think everybody would agree it is in the tens of 
thousands.
    It is clear that Congress--can you imagine tens of 
thousands of missing children? It is clear that Congress needs 
to step in under the leadership of the House Republicans. Under 
our leadership, we have made some progress. H.R. 2 included 
language strengthening the information-collecting at ORR, but 
the language doesn't go far enough.
    To see real change, we must implement the policies within 
the Migrant Child Safety Act. This legislation has the 
following provisions.
    First, we have to ensure proper information collection from 
potential sponsors, including the name, date of birth, Social 
Security number, birthplace, proof of address, and results of 
background checks, immigration status, and contact information.
    Second, we have to require potential sponsors to provide 
their familial relationship to the UAC through documentation, 
witness testimony, or DNA testing.
    Third, implement a reporting requirement to the National 
Center for Missing and Exploited Children if ORR is unable to 
contact the sponsor for followup or well-being check within 120 
days of placement, then require that ORR notify appropriate 
State and local health or welfare agencies within 30 days of 
placing a UAC with a sponsor in their jurisdiction.
    Finally, direct ORR to attempt to contact a unaccompanied 
minor's parents before placing with a sponsor. Isn't that the 
first thing you would look for if you found a child, where are 
the child's parents? They don't care.
    Same thing, by the way, with the Department of Labor. They 
don't care. They find a child working at two o'clock in the 
morning, why look for the parents.
    Before I end, I would like to thank Congressman Gooden for 
co-leading this legislation with me. I look forward to working 
with you guys on the issue, and it would be great to get it out 
of this Committee. Thank you.

    Chair Jordan. Thank the gentleman for his work on this 
issue, and we thank you for your testimony today.
    Mr. Grothman. Thank you.
    Chair Jordan. The Chair now recognizes the gentleman from 
Pennsylvania, Mr. Kelly.

                STATEMENT OF THE HON. MIKE KELLY

    Mr. Kelly. Thank you, Chair Jordan and Ranking Member 
Nadler.
    The Northern border security issue that we are talking 
about is an immigration issue, and that is why we are here 
today. Now, I have had the pleasure of meeting with agents of 
the CBP Buffalo Sector Erie Station for the last decade, and we 
all know what is going on at the Southern border. All the 
attention has been down there, it hasn't been on our Northern 
border.
    When you take a look at the pressure on our CBP, that 
Northern border area, 5,500 miles, 5,525 miles, it is the 
longest continuous border in the world, is almost completely 
unguarded. There is one stretch, I think, of almost 500 miles 
where there is one agent patrolling that area--one.
    So, when people say to me, so what is it that you are 
looking for, and here is what we are looking for. Look, can you 
imagine going to work every day and knowing that no matter how 
hard you work, no matter how long you work, you have no--
absolutely no control over the situation?
    We are outnumbered at the Northern border. The numbers are 
off the charts of what is going on right now.
    So, Chair Jordan, this thing has gotten so out of control, 
the Northern border people, the Border Control people, are 
doing all the digital intake. So, they go to work every day, 
but they are not on the border. They are doing intake for 
things that are happening on our Southern border.
    Now, while the Biden Administration refuses to believe that 
there is a problem anywhere in this country, because my gosh, 
how could there be, well, the answer to that is please, go down 
and see what is going on. Once you go down and you see the 
Southern border, then how about going up to the Northern border 
and look where it is completely unguarded.
    You look at that border across there and you get to the 
Swanton area, which is up in New England, the amount of 
fentanyl that is coming in through that area is incredible. For 
this administration to sit back and deny that there is any 
problem going on there.
    Now, you can put your hands over your eyes, you can put 
your fingers in your ears, and you can deny that there is not a 
problem. There is a huge problem.
    The most surprising thing about all this, Mr. Chair, when 
are you going to any help from the other side that are going to 
say we actually have a problem here? Hello, Houston, we have a 
problem. We sit here day after day after day after day of 
watching our fellow citizens being attacked all over the place.
    I am really concerned about the Northern border because 
that is the area that I represent, at least in Erie. So, 
Representative Zinke and I got together, because when I talk to 
him, he talks about things that are going on up in his area.
    So, imagine the Northern border. The Southern border, you 
got to come across a river. Northern border, you just got to 
take one step. There are no lines drawn, there is no fence, 
there is nothing. Completely unguarded, completely unguarded.
    The irresponsibility of the Biden Administration right now 
to sit back and continue to refuse to even acknowledge the fact 
that we have a problem, not only at our Southwestern border, 
but also at our Northern border. I would absolutely--Mr. Chair, 
you know this because you have worked so hard on it.
    Wouldn't it be nice to get people from the other side to 
actually say we do have a problem, and it is more important 
than a Republican problem and a Democrat problem. This is an 
American problem. People can sit back and refuse that it is 
there, but they can't go to either one of those borders and see 
what is really going on and talk to those folks to see what is 
happening.
    I know people get upset because you have a passion for 
these things. Everybody likes to play nicely, and say OK, fine, 
let's get along. Well, I will tell you what, you want to get 
along, let's do what we are supposed to do. We took an oath of 
office. Why don't we come here just to protect all Americans, 
not just ones on the Southwestern border, how about those ones 
on the Northern border?
    So, I just ask you, Mr. Chair, because you are a great 
supporter of this, and I would ask our colleagues if you have 
not been to the border, please take some time and go down 
there. Don't listen to the publicity stuff on the other side 
that says no, there is no problem. So, today, because this is 
really an immigration problem, and that is why I am here in 
front of you, and I can't tell you how much I appreciate you 
taking time to hear from me and my colleagues.
    We do have a bill out there, and it is about the Northern 
security caucus. We need more people to get on board with it. 
We need people to pay more attention to it.
    So, I think the real purpose of coming here today was that 
you would take time to listen to us. You would take time to 
fight for this. We would all take this time to say we are 
never, ever going to give up on this and protecting the 
American people.
    So, Mr. Chair, I want to thank you so much for giving us 
time to come before you today, and help support us on this. We 
are going to get that is even more inclusive, OK?

    Chair Jordan. Thank you.
    Mr. Kelly. Thank you, Chair.
    Chair Jordan. I would just say thank you. I do believe it 
is starting. You heard from Mr. Stanton a little bit earlier, 
he is talking about what is going on there. He is on the other 
side of the aisle. The Mayor of New York and other Democrats 
are understanding how serious this problem is.
    So, we appreciate your intensity and focus on not just the 
Southern border issue, but what is happening on our Northern 
border as well. Thank you.
    Mr. Kelly. We both know seeing is believing. Please, let's 
open our eyes, let's go down and look at it. Thank you. Thanks, 
Chair.
    Chair Jordan. Sure. I thank the gentleman from 
Pennsylvania. The Chair now recognizes the gentlelady from 
California, Ms. Kim.

                STATEMENT OF THE HON. YOUNG KIM

    Ms. Kim. Thank you, Chair Jordan and Ranking Member Nadler. 
I want to thank you for holding today's Member Day hearing and 
allowing me to come and talk about some of my legislative 
priorities.
    I represent California's 40th Congressional District, which 
has been plagued by retail crimes. We see businesses victimized 
by large-scale thefts it seems like every week. These thefts 
are often part of a broader scam to steal goods, front them 
online or overseas, and launder money for criminal 
organizations.
    This scam is known as organized retail crime and is 
responsible for roughly $95 billion in losses for retailers 
every year.
    The California Highway Patrol has set up a task force to 
better respond to organized retail crime and to work more 
closely with local jurisdictions to crack down on organized 
retail crime. Guidance and assistance from the Federal 
Government is limited.
    These crimes are normally prosecuted on the local and State 
level, where Federal law enforcement is often occupied with 
more serious and violent crimes.
    While I understand that Federal law enforcement is not the 
most equipped to respond to retail theft cases, I do believe 
that the Federal Government can play a role in supporting State 
and local law enforcement, especially in cases of organized 
retail crimes, where stolen goods or laundered money crosses 
intrastate or interState lines.
    Investigations of organized retail crime can be 
complicated, given the number of agencies that could be 
involved in investigating different elements of the crime. 
There is no agency that has the exclusive jurisdiction over 
these cases when the crime crosses State lines.
    Since organized retail crime crosses different 
jurisdictions, Federal enforcement agencies should be able to 
strategize on how to best support State and local enforcement 
in combating these crimes.
    There is a bill that I introduced, H.R. 316, Improving 
Federal Investigations of Organized Retail Crime Act. This bill 
directs the Department of State, the Department of Homeland 
Security, and the United States Postal Service and other 
relevant agencies to create a cohesive strategy and the report 
to Congress on how the Federal Government can improve 
coordination and information-sharing among Federal law 
enforcement agencies and increase collaboration with retailers, 
organized retail crime associations, and State-run retail crime 
task force, and assist State and local authorities in compiling 
evidence for the prosecution of organized retail crime.
    While this is a small step in the right direction, we 
should note that there are a number of other issues that would 
need to be addressed as we seek to tackle organized retail 
crime. I know a number of my colleagues are working on this 
issue, and I thank them. I stand ready to work with them and 
the Judiciary Committee to move legislation on this issue that 
is deeply important to my district.
    I would also ask the Committee to keep in mind that 
California suffers from rogue prosecutors who refuse to enforce 
the laws on the books and immediately release criminals back on 
the streets after they are booked for misdemeanor and even 
felony thefts. So, I also stand ready to work with you on this 
issue.
    Again, thank you, Chair Jordan, Ranking Member Nadler, for 
allowing me to testify about my priorities, and I yield the 
balance of my time.
    [The prepared statement of the Hon. Young Kim follows:]

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    Chair Jordan. Thank you. We appreciate you testifying today 
and bringing this to our attention. Thank you so much.
    The Chair now recognizes the gentlelady from Georgia. Ms. 
Greene, you are recognized for five minutes.

          STATEMENT OF THE HON. MARJORIE TAYLOR GREENE

    Ms. Greene. Thank you. Thank you for allowing me to come 
before the Committee today. I have an important bill I would 
like to talk to you about.
    My bill is the Protect Children's Innocence Act. This is my 
signature bill, and it has been a model used across the country 
by many States as they are working on passing or have already 
passed bills and made into law in their States protecting 
children from a radical ideology that is spreading across 
America, and that is gender dysphoria.
    It is hard to imagine that today in America there are 
doctors and there are many medical professionals prescribing 
puberty blockers, providing hormone therapy, and surgeries 
actually cutting off children's body parts before they are ever 
old enough to vote, graduate from high school, buy nicotine, 
buy alcohol, and join the military.
    This is not a political party issue. This is widely 
supported across America, across all party lines that people 
want this to stop. Children need to be allowed to grow up 
before they make tragic mistakes that will forever change their 
bodies for the rest of their lives.
    There are no known studies on what puberty blockers do 
long-term to children that take them and what happens to them 
later on as adults. There is also a growing movement all across 
America called detransition.
    These are many young people that made the tragic mistakes 
of having mastectomies, having castrations done to them, having 
genital mutilation surgeries when they were still in their 
early teens, maybe even before they were teenagers. As they 
grew up, they realized they made tragic mistakes to their body, 
and they are trying so hard to warn many others don't go down 
this road.
    Here is what is most disturbing. Gender dysphoria is not a 
virus. This is not a disease that is spreading. It is an 
ideology, and it is spreading across social media, and it is 
rapidly growing.
    In 2017, there were 15,000 cases. Now, in 2021, and we 
don't have the numbers for 2022-2023, but by 2021, it was over 
42,000 cases. This is a new diagnosis in ages 6-17.
    Now, here is what is disturbing for any of my friends that 
think this is a federalism issue. It is not. Because in the 
United States today, we have over 12 States that are either 
passing bills or have signed into laws that will take the 
rights away from parents to protect their children. This is 
what makes it a Federal issue.
    We only have 19 States that are in the process of banning 
or restricting minors' access to gender-affirming care. Those 
have been implemented in those States, but if you look at over 
12 States, and it is growing, where they are passing laws to 
take away the rights of parents, and even take children away 
from their parents.
    We have to step in and make it a felony to perform gender-
affirming care. I have example after example I would like to 
introduce into the record of news stories where this is 
happening at large scale. Talking about custody battles and 
judges determining whether parents are affirming their 
children's care.
    This is such a serious issue, and it is such a radical 
ideology. It is growing at a rate that we cannot control, but 
it needs to be stopped right now. Our job, our greatest job 
that we have as adults, our greatest job that we have as 
lawmakers is to protect children. It is to protect children at 
all times, and we cannot allow this to continue.
    If we allow this to continue, hiding behind the idea of 
federalism, we are wrong, and I will tell you why. Our Founding 
Fathers, our Founding Fathers would never say it is up to a 
State to take away, for their government to be able to take 
children away from parents. We can't allow this to continue.
    So, Mr. Chair, I yield back my time and will take any 
questions.

    Chair Jordan. I thank the gentlelady. Without objection, 
the gentlelady's articles will be entered into the record. We 
thank you for your testimony and your passion for protecting 
kids.
    We will next go to, I think we will go to Mr. Ciscomani, 
and then Ms. Garcia. The gentleman from Arizona is recognized 
for five minutes.

              STATEMENT OF THE HON. JUAN CISCOMANI

    Mr. Ciscomani. Thank you, Chair Jordan and Members of the 
Judiciary Committee for allowing me to come before you today 
and testify.
    I come before the Committee today to discuss my bill H.R. 
5585, the Agent Raul Gonzalez Officer Safety Act. I introduced 
this bill last month after consistently hearing from my 
constituents and local leaders about the detrimental impact 
that high-speed chases have in Southern Arizona, specifically 
in Cochise County, which is in my district.
    The bill is simple. It makes it a Federal law to evade law 
enforcement within 100 miles of the border. To me, it is simply 
common sense that this should be a Federal crime.
    If you are engaging in a high-speed chase and evading CBP 
or local law enforcement, you are clearly not a good actor. 
Unfortunately, the current laws do not make this crime in and 
itself, and it leaves the burden of prosecuting and charging 
these individuals to our local communities.
    This bill is named in honor of Border Patrol Agent Raul 
Gonzalez, who tragically lost his life in a high-speed chase 
last year while pursuing a group of illegal immigrants in 
Texas. Sadly, he is not the only person who has lost his life 
as a result of these bad actors' actions.
    In my community we have seen bicyclists injured, countless 
hospitalizations, and tragically, a 65-year-old named Wanda, 
who was struck and killed by 16-year-old smuggler while driving 
to her own birthday party.
    Drug cartels recruit individuals from across the country to 
drive down to the border, pick up migrants, and transport them 
North. The bottom line is that we need to change the calculus 
for those who endanger all of us when failing to yield to law 
enforcement.
    By making these actions federally punishable, we are 
sending a strong message to these bad actors that this type of 
reckless endangerment is not tolerated. At a time when it is 
arguably the easiest to cross our Southwest border and be 
granted entry by this administration, we all should be asking 
ourselves why these people are fleeing law enforcement. The 
answer is these are really bad actors who the cartels want to 
evade arrest.
    In August, I was proud to welcome Members of the Oversight 
and Judiciary Committees for a border tour and hearing at 
Cochise College in Sierra Vista. There, Cochise County Sheriff 
Mark Daniels testified before us that in the first five months 
of 2023, there were 121 failures to yield just in Cochise 
County.
    He added in Southeastern Arizona and cartel groups have 
dramatically increased in size and become more reckless, 
aggressive, and violent, bringing unrest and fear to the 
citizens living on the border.
    I am proud to have the support of ten of our Republican 
colleagues. Additionally, my bill is supported by many local 
communities and supported at the Federal level by the National 
Borden Patrol Council, the Western States Sheriffs' 
Association, and the National Sheriffs' Association.
    These law enforcement groups and local communities are 
forced to deal with this problem daily, and Congress must 
prioritize supporting our law enforcement officials by moving 
on this legislation. I have said repeatedly that border 
security is a Federal problem that we need to fix, and it 
should not be put on the burden of our local communities.
    Thank you again for allowing me to come before you today. I 
hope you can all join me in supporting this much-needed 
legislation. Thank you.
    [The prepared statement of the Hon. Juan Ciscomani 
follows:]

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    Chair Jordan. I thank the gentleman for his testimony and 
for the comments and this legislation he is bringing forward. I 
appreciate you being with us.
    We will now go to Ms. Garcia. The gentlelady from Texas is 
recognized.

             STATEMENT OF THE HON. SYLVIA R. GARCIA

    Ms. Garcia. Thank you Mr. Chair, and thank you to the 
Ranking Member. It feels kind of good to be back, as a visitor 
this time.
    Thank you, Mr. Chair, for hosting this Member Day. I think 
it is a critical part of the legislative process, so it is good 
to be back and be able to share with you my thoughts on one of 
my priorities.
    Our role as lawmakers is a special one. We are empowered by 
the Constitution to make laws which are necessary and proper, 
to serve the Nation as it changes in whatever form that may be. 
When issues arise across the country, we find creative 
commonsense ways to fix them.
    Today, that country we live in is also home to millions of 
Dreamers, people who were brought here to the United States as 
children and who grew up here. In their heart, their soul, and 
their mind, they are Americans, except on paper.
    They know only America as their home. They contribute to 
society as taxpayers, small business owners, scholars, 
educators, and aspiring public servants. During the COVID 
pandemic, they stepped up as essential workers. They served as 
doctors, nurses, and first responders to keep our communities 
healthy and safe.
    Yet, they remain at risk of losing everything after living 
in this country their whole life and knowing no other country. 
They are in legal limbo. No family should be separated.
    By finding common ground and working together to fix our 
immigration system, Congress can provide a pathway for 
citizenship for Dreamers and immigrant families.
    Mr. Chair, this is not a partisan issue. Seventy-two 
percent of Americans favor a law providing permanent legal 
status for Dreamers--72 percent. Sixty-six percent support the 
same for those under temporary protected status, or TPS. This 
is necessary and proper. America believes in Dreamers, and 
Dreamers believe in America.
    I am proud to champion H.R. 16, the bipartisan--
bipartisan--American Dream and Promise Act of 2023. With the 
support of a diverse, bipartisan group of co-leads, including 
Representative Chavez-DeRemer, Duarte, Salazar, and 
Commissioner Gonzalez-Colon.
    Compared with similar bills, this bill stands out because 
it is narrow with its focus and very narrow with its language. 
It focuses solely on finalizing the simple, legal, and safe 
pathway to citizenship for those cast in legal limbo by 
Congress's inaction. Time after time, the Federal courts have 
said, ``Congress must act,'' and we must.
    This is a pragmatic solution which will have a life-
changing effect on every district in this Nation. This bill is 
designed for law-abiding people. It includes broad criminal 
bars and requirements for extensive background checks and 
biometric registration.
    Take it from me. I was born and raised in South Texas. I 
know a lot about the border. I recognize the importance of 
securing our borders to protect the integrity of our Nation.
    Passing the American Dream and Promise Act will alleviate 
the strain on our immigration enforcement agencies, allowing 
them to focus their resources on addressing legitimate security 
concerns and keeping our country safe, while also acknowledging 
a responsibility to treat individuals seeking refuge with 
dignity and respect.
    Congress serves as their only hope for relief, so it is 
necessary and proper to find a permanent solution so they can 
focus on raising the next generation of doctors, teachers, and 
leaders in our country. This bill passed the House in March 
2021 in the last Congress, as well as in June 2019 in the 116th 
Congress. We have changed not one word.
    The only difference is that this time, for the first time, 
it is a bipartisan effort. With your help, I will look forward 
to getting this bill pasted, the House again--third one says 
charm--and signed into law in Congress.
    Thank you for your consideration.

    Chair Jordan. Thank you for your testimony, Ms. Garcia, we 
appreciate it.
    The gentlelady from North Carolina, Ms. Manning, is now 
recognized. I think you may--hit that button maybe. Is it on?
    Ms. Manning. Start again.
    Chair Jordan. There you go.

             STATEMENT OF THE HON. KATHY E. MANNING

    Ms. Manning. Chair Jordan, Ranking Member Nadler, Members 
of the Committee, I appreciate this opportunity to testify 
before you. I would be grateful to work together with all the 
Members on this Committee and on both sides of the aisle to 
help strengthen the fight against antisemitism and all forms of 
hate.
    I am here today as a proud Co-Chair of the House bipartisan 
task force for combating antisemitism, together with 
Representative Chris Smith of New Jersey and six other 
colleagues on both sides of the aisle, including Representative 
Ted Lieu, a Member of this Committee.
    As you know, in recent years, but especially since October 
7th, we have witnessed an unprecedented increase in antisemitic 
incidents and threats targeting Jews in synagogues, on college 
campuses, and all around the country.
    The Department of Justice, the Department of Homeland 
Security, and the Director of the FBI have all reported an 
increase in threats against Jewish communities in the United 
States, and the Anti-Defamation League has recorded an 
astonishing 388 percent increase in antisemitic incidents since 
Hamas' brutal attack on Israel.
    United States has a longstanding, bipartisan commitment to 
fight against antisemitism, and I am here to urge the Committee 
to take concrete steps to counter this rise in antisemitism by 
improving hate crimes reporting, strengthening DOJ's civil 
rights protections, and implementing key provisions of the U.S. 
national strategy to counter antisemitism.
    First, to prevent terrible antisemitic hate crimes against 
Americans, we must begin by getting accurate, nationwide data 
on the threat. As you know, since Congress passed the Hate 
Crimes Statistics Act in 1990, the FBI has collected and 
reported annual statistics on all hate crimes, including those 
motivated by religious bias.
    Last month, the FBI released its 2022 hate crime statistic, 
and this data showed a troubling reality that anti-Jewish hate 
crime incidents increased at least 25 percent from 2021-2022, 
the highest record number in decades. As concerning as that 
data is, we know it remains incomplete.
    That is because first, law enforcement participation 
remains voluntary, rather than mandatory. Second, because many 
agencies are struggling to transition from the old crime data 
system to the new National Incident-Based Reporting System, 
known as NIBRS.
    I am glad that Congress has passed the NO HATE Act to 
provide grants to help incentivize law enforcement agencies to 
improve and transition hate crimes reporting. However, I 
believe this Committee can do much more to eliminate gaps that 
remain by requiring all law enforcement agencies to report hate 
crimes data to the FBI.
    Second, I believe Congress can and do more to help support 
the FBI's investigation and the DOJ's prosecution of 
antisemitic and other hate crimes.
    In addition to the rise in threats to the Jewish community, 
we recently witnessed a horrific incident in Illinois in which 
a Muslim-American family was attacked by their landlord, who 
stabbed a six-year-old boy to death, which the FBI's Chicago 
Field Office is currently investigating as a potential hate 
crime.
    The Bureau is also currently investigating a sickening 
series of threats posted over the weekend targeting the Jewish 
students at Cornell University. This Monday, the DOJ announced 
it had charged a man who threatened to kill our colleague, 
Senator Jackie Rosen of Nevada, one of the strongest leaders in 
the fight to combat antisemitism.
    We must do more to deter and prosecute hate crimes. That is 
why last week the House and Senate bipartisan task forces for 
combating antisemitism led a letter from 64 Members of Congress 
to the Department of Homeland Security Secretary, Alejandro 
Mayorkas, and FBI Director Chris Wray urging them to provide 
immediate resources to help protect the safety and security of 
Jewish Americans, Jewish religious and educational 
institutions, and organizations that are vulnerable to 
increased threats and violence.
    Finally, I encourage the Committee to help implement key 
aspects of the U.S. national strategy to counter antisemitism. 
Last year, my colleagues and I led more than 125 Members of 
Congress in a bipartisan, bicameral effort to call for such a 
national strategy, and we have played a leading role in its 
development.
    This strategy, which the White House released in May, is 
the first comprehensive, whole-of-society effort to fight 
antisemitism. Given the recent spike in antisemitism, it is 
critical that we swiftly implement, authorize, and codify key 
aspects of the strategy, especially so that Congress can hold 
every agency accountable for the commitments they have made.
    So, we are working on bipartisan legislation to do just 
that. I look forward to working with the Members of this 
Committee on that legislation.
    I would like to give a special thanks to my colleague, 
Representative Ivey, for standing up to protesters right before 
this hearing and informing of those facts, that Hamas is a 
terrorist group that has massacred innocent Israelis, and is 
currently holding 240 civilians hostage and is dedicated to 
killing Jews and destroying the State of Israel. We all need to 
stand up to the misinformation and the spreading of 
antisemitism.
    Mr. Chair and Ranking Member, thank you for your work on 
this Committee and in Congress to help fight the scourge of 
antisemitism. I am grateful for your time today. I look forward 
to working together with you and Members of both parties to 
protect the Jewish community and counter antisemitism and hate.
    [The prepared statement of the Hon. Kathy E. Manning 
follows:]

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    Chair Jordan. Thank you, thank you, that was well done.
    Mr. Ivey. Mr. Chair, just for a moment. Representative 
Manning, thank you so much. I appreciate that very much.
    Ms. Manning. Thank you.
    Chair Jordan. Well, we appreciate the action you took, Mr. 
Ivey. That is great, and this almost 400 percent increase in 
the last month is just scary. So, thank you for that.
    The Ranking Member and I were talking just yesterday about 
some ideas that we think we can be helpful in this area, so we 
will continue to have that discussion and see if we can do 
something.
    Ms. Manning. Thank you, I would be pleased to work with you 
on that.
    Chair Jordan. You bet. Thank you.
    Ms. Manning. Thank you so much.
    Chair Jordan. The gentleman from South Dakota is now 
recognized.

              STATEMENT OF THE HON. DUSTY JOHNSON

    Mr. Johnson of South Dakota. Thank you, Mr. Chair, Mr. 
Ranking Member. I have got four pieces of legislation I would 
like to talk to you about today.
    The first three deal with firearms.
    First, right now, military spouses are not considered 
residents to be able to purchase firearms or to transfer them 
across State lines. I think that is a really unacceptable 
barrier for our military spouses, who clearly don't have the 
time to establish residency requirements before being 
considered residents.
    So, the Traveler's Gun Rights Act would just make it clear 
that military spouses have a special opportunity to establish 
legal residency earlier.
    We also have a situation where people travel around the 
country in RVs are today not allowed to use a post office box 
for an address for them to be able to access their Second 
Amendment rights. This bill would also address that.
    Second, I would like to talk about the Tribal Firearm 
Access Act. Kind of amazingly, you can use a foreign 
government's passport as photo identification to purchase a 
firearm, but you can't use a Tribal ID.
    These are government-issued IDs. Yes, you can use them for 
all kinds of things across, most States you can use them to 
vote. You can't use that Tribal ID to secure a firearm.
    This doesn't in any way cut any of the other limitations on 
firearm ownership. It doesn't short-circuit anyway the checks 
and balances in the system. It just says that can be your 
government ID for the purposes of securing a firearm. I commend 
the act to you.
    Third, the piece of firearms legislation is the Tribal 
Policy Department Parity Act. Right now, we have a number of 
Federal firearms restrictions that don't apply to State, local, 
and Federal law enforcement agencies. Of course, they would 
have a different set of tools at their disposal than others.
    Those extra opportunities don't exist for Tribal law 
enforcement agencies, at least not in all cases. Kind of 
depends on how they are structured.
    I think that is unfortunate. I think we want to make--and 
also, by the way, when they purchase firearms, they are subject 
to additional Federal taxes, those firearm stands, that other 
law enforcement agencies are not hit with. We want to make sure 
that parity is put in place.
    All these bills have their good coalitions, good sponsors. 
Many of them we are also working with are folks in the Senate. 
Senator Markwayne Mullin has been very helpful on at least two 
of these three bills. Again, I commend them to you.
    Fourth, the bill I want to talk about deals with the 
Supreme Court. Last year we had a number of folks, including a 
number on this side of this Committee, who proposed expanding 
the Supreme Court by an additional four justices. Some of us, 
me included, would call that packing the court.
    It does not in any way increase American confidence in the 
judiciary. There isn't any sort of a study that says oh, if you 
were going to put together the perfect Supreme Court, one that 
would best function operationally, that special number is 
three. Quite to the contrary.
    You have every Supreme Court justice of which I am aware 
who has opined publicly on this has said nine allows for a 
proper functioning of the court. No less that Ruth Bader 
Ginsburg before her death, Stephen Breyer have talked about 
nine being an effective number, and they have counseled against 
packing the court.
    So, my bill would just simply submit for Constitutional 
Amendment that--and it is very simple. Sometimes we deal with 
thousand-page bills in this body and it is hard to ascertain 
what do they really do. This would instead just say the number 
of justices on the Supreme Court shall be nine.
    There are 140 sponsors for this. I am most hopeful that 
this Committee can bring this legislation up for action.
    We have many Americans who are already concerned that the 
Supreme Court has grown increasingly polarized. Having the size 
of court ping-pong up and down on the basis of the last 
election in an attempt to push some sort of power dynamic 
politically is not where our country should go. As a top 
priority I would ask this Committee to help us keep the nine.
    With that, I would yield back or submit myself to 
questions.
    [The prepared statement of the Hon. Dusty Johnson follows:]

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    Chair Jordan. I thank the gentleman. Some commonsense 
Second Amendment provisions, and then some commonsense on the 
Supreme Court nine would--nine should be fine, that is the way 
I look at it, so. We thank you for your testimony.
    I think the Committee will kind of hang in recess for a 
while. We have got a few minutes until we have got to go to the 
floor to vote, and we may have a few more Members show up. I 
think that is probably how we should--OK, I think we have a few 
more who are coming.
    [Whereupon, at 9:53 a.m., the Committee recessed, to 
reconvene at 10:11 a.m., the same day.]
    Chair Jordan. We will come to order. That concludes today's 
hearing. We thank our colleagues for appearing before the 
Committee today. Without objection, all Members have five 
legislative days to submit additional materials for the record.
    Without objection, the hearing is adjourned.
    [Whereupon, at 10:11 a.m., the Committee was adjourned.]

    All items submitted for the record by Members of the 
Committee on the Judiciary can be found at https://
docs.house.gov/Committee
/Calendar/ByEvent.aspx?EventID=116534.

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